Object Oriented Programming:
Object oriented programming is using code to represent entities with attributes and methods that can work with these attributes. This is important for creating data structures that can represent real life entities for solving real life problems. Another important aspect of OOP is that the objects can have different attributes based on the class they are created from. Creating different object from the class's blueprint is a major reason why OOP is used as it means that many different but similar situations can reuse the same code. All this is important for creating solutions to real world problems effectively and efficiently.

Recursion:
Recursion is the process of solving a big problem by breaking it down into smaller and smaller cases until it is the smallest case. This is very efficient in that it requires less lines of code a solution that would not use recursion. Also, it can be used to solve any size of a type of problem. Recursion is important because it is often times the only way to solve large problems without wasting large amounts of time.